{"id":26567,"date":"2021-01-07T21:03:33","date_gmt":"2021-01-07T21:03:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.horbiter.com\/quartz-watches-history-and-models-part-one\/"},"modified":"2022-02-23T05:20:48","modified_gmt":"2022-02-23T04:20:48","slug":"quartz-watches-history-and-models","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.horbiter.com\/en\/quartz-watches-history-and-models\/","title":{"rendered":"Quartz watches, history and models &#8211; Part One"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Who invented the quartz watch movement, and when was the quartz watch created? How does a quartz watch work, and what are the best quartz operated watches currently available? Here are some of the questions we\u2019ll answer in this series dedicated to uncovering the history of quartz watchmaking; from the beginning of the race to high-precision time measurement down to the reveal of the first quartz watch and beyond. Quartz technology and quartz clocks appeared decades before the first quartz wristwatch came in <strong>1969<\/strong>; the latter is the endpoint of a long-term process geared towards incessantly improving a watch\u2019s accuracy, started towards the end of <strong>1950<\/strong>. Back then, the aim was to improve a mechanical watch\u2019s accuracy by increasing its frequency to <strong>ten beats per second<\/strong>. Towards the end of the 1950s, the market was flooded with watches running at <strong>eight beats per second<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img decoding=\"async\" style=\"width: 100%;\" title=\"grand-seiko-vfa-1969\" src=\"\/media\/CACHE\/images\/uploads\/grand-seiko-vfa-1969.98be74069ce5.jpg\" alt=\"grand-seiko-vfa-1969\">The first mechanical 5 Hertz wristwatch debuted in <strong>1966<\/strong>. <strong>Girard<\/strong>\u2013<strong>Perregaux<\/strong> won the race to market the first-ever ten beats per second mechanical timepiece. A year later, <strong>Seiko<\/strong> introduced the <strong>Seiko Lord Marvel<\/strong>, and its luxury sibling, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.horbiter.com\/en\/grand-seiko\/\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><strong>Grand Seiko<\/strong><\/span><\/a>, introduced the venerable <strong>Grand Seiko V.F.A.<\/strong> in <strong>1969<\/strong>. These achievements prove how competitive <strong>Seiko<\/strong> was as a group; their high-precision offering was stunning, as confirmed by the awards during the fiercest competitions held at the <strong>Geneva<\/strong> or <strong>Neuch\u00e2tel<\/strong> observatories, respectively.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img decoding=\"async\" style=\"width: 100%;\" title=\"1957-hamilton-electric-watch\" src=\"\/media\/CACHE\/images\/uploads\/1957-hamilton-electric-watch-Z6TAQmo.be39cbd06f52.jpg\" alt=\"1957-hamilton-electric-watch\">Back then, wristwatches were, first and foremost, tool watches, and their accuracy was an essential requirement during the unstoppable age of industrial development, both in Europe and overseas. The competition had just begun; also, the development of digital technologies was coming. In <strong>1957<\/strong> <strong>Hamilton<\/strong> debuted the <strong>Hamilton Electric Watch<\/strong>, whose gear train was powered by a battery, and in <strong>1960<\/strong> <strong>Bulova<\/strong> introduced the never-forgotten <strong>Accutron<\/strong>. Today\u2019s <strong>Accutron<\/strong> is a new brand with the same forward-looking approach, whose <a href=\"https:\/\/www.horbiter.com\/en\/accutron-spaceview-2020-limited-edition\/\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><strong>Spaceview Limited Edition 2020<\/strong><\/span><\/a>\u2018s electrostatic technology has replaced the tuning fork one.<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\" id=\"who-invented-the-quartz-watch\">Who invented the quartz watch?<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The first watch operated by a quartz movement was invented in <strong>1927<\/strong> by Canadian engineer <strong>Warren Marrison<\/strong>. Ten years later, <strong>Issac<\/strong> <strong>Koga<\/strong>, a Japanese scientist and inventor created the first-ever Japanese quartz watch. Using a quartz crystal\u2019s property of oscillating at a precise frequency when a voltage is applied to it, the quartz technology significantly improved the watches\u2019 accuracy. Those mentioned above were the dawn of the quartz era; the technology was far from being adopted in a wristwatch. <strong>Seiko<\/strong>\u2018s managers were the first ones to envision a promising commercial opportunity, and the company began working relentlessly on reducing the size of a quartz clock\u2019s movement and design a quartz watch mechanism to be housed in a wristwatch.<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\" id=\"the-development-of-the-quartz-movement-the-central-role-of-seiko\">The development of the quartz movement, the central role of Seiko<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">In <strong>1958<\/strong> <strong>Seiko<\/strong> developed a quartz clock about the size of a large locker. It was built specifically for a broadcast station. They next released a table clock to be used during the <strong>1964 Olympics<\/strong> in <strong>Tokyo<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img decoding=\"async\" style=\"width: 100%;\" title=\"1962-seiko-quartz-crystal-chronometer\" src=\"\/media\/CACHE\/images\/uploads\/1962-seiko-quartz-crystal-chronometer.3c71177308bb.jpg\" alt=\"1962-seiko-quartz-crystal-chronometer\">Seiko debuted a quartz table clock in <strong>1962<\/strong>, the well-known <strong>Seiko Quartz Crystal Chronometer<\/strong> pictured above (photo: Antiquorum). After the Olympics, the Japanese brand accelerated the quartz movement\u2019s miniaturization, unveiling a pocket watch and a wristwatch prototype in <strong>1966<\/strong> and <strong>1967<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\" id=\"1969-seiko-introduces-the-quartz-astron-35-s-q-the-first-quartz-wristwatch-in-history\">1969: Seiko introduces the Quartz Astron 35 S.Q., the first quartz wristwatch in history<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">On <strong>December 25<\/strong>, <strong>1969<\/strong>, Seiko introduced the <strong>Quartz Astron 35SQ<\/strong> model (source below: By Deutsches-uhrenmuseum \u2013 Own work, CC BY-SA 4.0,\u00a0https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/w\/index.php?curid=\u00a049275392), the first-ever quartz wristwatch in history. Unlike <strong>Bulova<\/strong>, which had not extended the use of its technology to partners or competitors, <strong>Seiko<\/strong> understood that to ensure extensive commercial success, it should have supplied the quartz wristwatch technology to as many brands as possible.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img decoding=\"async\" style=\"width: 100%;\" title=\"1969-seiko-quartz-astron-35-sq-1\" src=\"\/media\/CACHE\/images\/uploads\/1969-seiko-quartz-astron-35-sq-1.610203692c84.jpg\" alt=\"1969-seiko-quartz-astron-35-sq-1\">The retail price of the original <strong>Seiko Quartz Astron<\/strong> was <strong>450,000 Yen<\/strong>. <strong>Astron<\/strong> ensured a + or \u2013 0.2 seconds per day, and a + or \u2013 5 seconds per month, accuracy. Consider a mechanical watch\u2019s accuracy was about seconds per day. Initially equipped with a quartz oscillator operating at a frequency of <strong>8192 Hertz<\/strong>, following watches reached a <strong>32.768 Hz<\/strong> operating frequency, which became the reference standard. <strong>Seiko<\/strong> introduced an industry-standard that shocked the watchmaking community, including Switzerland, where most brands, to survive, rapidly converted their business to quartz technology.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">(Source: Seiko. Photo credit: courtesy of Seiko Watches)<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">Gaetano C @Horbiter\u00ae<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/gaetano_cimmino\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Instagram \u2013 Gaetano Cimmino<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Who invented the quartz watch movement, and when was the quartz watch created? How does a quartz watch work, and what are the best quartz operated watches currently available? Here are some of the questions we\u2019ll answer in this series dedicated to uncovering the history of quartz watchmaking; from the beginning of the race to [&#8230;]<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"btn btn-secondary understrap-read-more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.horbiter.com\/en\/quartz-watches-history-and-models\/\">Read More&#8230;<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> from Quartz watches, history and models &#8211; Part One<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":15444,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[549,536],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-26567","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-seiko","category-watch-talk"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.1.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Quartz watches, history and models - Part One<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Quartz movement, history, brands, and models that made the history of the quartz watch mechanism, from the first model of 1927 to the Seiko Astron of 1969\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.horbiter.com\/en\/quartz-watches-history-and-models\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"quartz watches\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Quartz movement, history, brands, and models that made the history of the quartz watch mechanism, from the first model of 1927 to the Seiko Astron of 1969\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.horbiter.com\/en\/quartz-watches-history-and-models\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Horbiter \u00e8 il magazine italiano sugli orologi di lusso. 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